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Writer: 

Journal: 

داخلی

Issue Info: 
  • End Date: 

    اسفند ماه 1379
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    4
  • Views: 

    863
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

کراتینین عبارت از کراتین بدون آب است که به صورت محلول زائد توسط کلیه دفع می گردد. غلظت کراتینین در خون همچون اوره با کاهش فعالیت کلیه افزایش می یابد. با انسداد مجرای ادرار و در نفریت مزمن غلظت کراتینین ممکن است به نسبت بیش از مقدار اوره باشد. در اختلال رشدعضلانی مقدار کراتینین کاهش می یابد. اندازه گیری مقدار کراتینین در خون و ادرار جهت تشخیص بیماری های فوق در آزمایشگاههای تشخیص طبی رایج است. در این طرح دو نوع معرف کراتینین طراحی و ساخته شده است.یکی به روش Kinetic که درمدت کمتر از دو دقیقه کراتینین را می توان توسط آن اندازه گیری نمود، دیگری معرف ساخته شده به روش End Point است که در آن چندین نمونه را در فرصت مناسب (پایان واکنش) می توان اندازه گیری نمود. این معرف طوری طراحی شده است که جواب مثبت کاذب نمی دهد و از دقت خیلی خوبی برخوردار است. ساخت این کیت ها جهت تامین نیاز آزمایشگاههای تشخیص طبی کشور می باشد.

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Author(s): 

SAJEDI ALI | RAZAZI M.R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2006
  • Volume: 

    3
  • Issue: 

    10
  • Pages: 

    31-39
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    406
  • Downloads: 

    194
Abstract: 

Given n points continuously moving in 2d space, we want to maintain their convex hull each time. In this paper, first we use the kinetic data structure (KDS) framework and define a new KDS named Spiral. After that, we turn to both theoretical and experimental evaluations of our KDS; in theoretical evaluation, consider the four quality measures of kinetic data structures in the worst case, but in the experimental evaluation results of a simulation program are used to estimate the average case. We suggest an alternative efficiency parameter instead of previously defined and define a new responsiveness measure for the average case. The experimental factors are much better than the theoretical worst case (this is especially true for the efficiency parameter; log2n instead of n.); hence conclude that we can’t reject a KDS with rather large theoretical worst case parameters. However, this study shows that when working with random positions, the worst cases used to evaluate a KDS aren’t always sufficient because these are rarely occurred and the expected average is so much better. In the worst case, from point of view of responsiveness, efficiency, locality and compactness our KDS belongs to O(n), O(n), O(C) and O(n) respectively (C is a constant number) and in the average case, these parameters for our KDS are O(log n), O(log2 n), O(C) and O(n) respectively. Note that previously, the two last parameters was O (log n) and O (n log n).

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Author(s): 

MASOURI M. | BOZORG MEHRI BOUZARJOMEHRI RAMIN | SARNAVI J. M. | RESHADI N.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2008
  • Volume: 

    27
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    25-34
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    378
  • Downloads: 

    207
Abstract: 

Kinetic modeling is an important issue, whose objective is the accurate determination of the rates of various reactions taking place in a reacting system. This issue is a pivotal element in the process design and development particularly for novel processes which are based on reactions taking place between various types of species. The Fischer Tropsch (FT) reactions have been used as the kinetic modeling bench mark. General kinetic models for FT, Water-Gas-Shift (WGS) and overall rates based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) type have been considered and their optimum parameters have been obtained by Genetic Algorithms. The study shows the obtained model outperforms the other alternative models both in generality and accuracy. Due to flexibility and generality of Genetic Algorithms, it seems that GA is a useful technique with lots of potentials in determination of optimum kinetic model corresponding to a set of complex reactions.

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Author(s): 

FATEMI SHOHREH | MASOURI M. | BOZORG MEHRI BOUZARJOMEHRI RAMIN

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    24
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    37-46
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    452
  • Downloads: 

    253
Abstract: 

This study is focused on the development of a systematic computational approach which implements Genetic Algorithm (GA) to find the optimal rigorous kinetic models.A general Kinetic model for hydrogenolysis of dibenzothiophene (DBT) based on Langmuir- Hinshelwood type has been obtained from open literature. This model consists of eight continuous parameters (e.g., Arrhenus and Vant Hoff parameters) and six discrete parameters representing the order of the reaction with respect to each concentration.The optimal value of these parameters has been obtained based on Genetic Algorithm. Furthermore, the best type of Genetic operators and their corresponding parameters for this type of problems have been obtained based on a comprehensive study of the effect of these parameters on the efficiency of the Genetic Algorithm.The study shows that the optimum parameters corresponding to Genetic Algorithms depends on the type of operators used in GA. Due to flexibility and generality of Genetic Algorithms, it seems that GA is a useful technique with lots of potentials in determination of optimum kinetic model corresponding to a set of complex reactions.

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Journal: 

NAQSHEJAHAN

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2020
  • Volume: 

    10
  • Issue: 

    3
  • Pages: 

    219-230
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    753
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Aims: Fixed vertical and horizontal canopies that are used in buildings give us low level of clean and inexpensive energy. Therefore, we should use modern technology in constructing new buildings in order to have a maximum use of this blessing. One of these technologies is kinetic canopies which we can put them on the faç ade. This would result in optimal use of sunlight and also a dynamic design style. The purpose of this research is to present a kinetic smart shell model inspired by the Mimosa Pudica motion algorithm in order to optimize energy consumption. Methods: Simulation-modeling of the kinetic facade performed parametrically in the Grasshopper and analysis of the objectives using the Ladybug plugins. The shell has been analyzed on the south facad of a building in the Shiraz climate. Findings: Attempted to create one-degree-angle canopies in each of the horizontal constituents by optimizing the facade to achieve better performance and aesthetic form. The amount of radiation received in this analysis ranges from 0 to 50. 16 kwh/m2. Finally, a table on the analysis of the kinetic shell energy from 6 to 19 ochr('39')clock in August and the climate of Shiraz was presented. Conclusion: Modeled smart shell can be used as a kinetic canopy that can optimize energy consumption compatable with Shiraz climate.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2018
  • Volume: 

    5
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    231-239
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    209
  • Downloads: 

    340
Abstract: 

Background: Spent caustic contains noxious components such as sulfide species and also high chemical oxygen demand content (COD). Oxidation of these materials to caustic and sulfate species is mostly the rate-controlling step within catalytic oxidation of spent caustic. Methods: In this study, the kinetics of catalytic oxidation of spent caustic and the regeneration methodology of the sulfidic spent caustic were investigated. The kinetics of catalytic oxidation of spent caustic was studied in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. The developed mathematical model was verified via the batch bubble column reactor. The elementary and non-elementary models based on the genetic algorithm were used to obtain the rate coefficient and kinetic order. Results: The experiments were carried out at various conditions. The results indicated that the error of objective function of the non-elementary and elementary models was 3. 01% and 134. 96%, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the non-elementary model had rational outcome compared to the elementary one. Also, non-elemental model is more concordance with experimental results.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2025
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    73-80
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    17
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

A propionic acid fermentation process not only provides a more sustainable approach but also opens the door to propionic acid production capacity in regions with limited petroleum supplies. With fermentation, low-cost substrates can be used, such as residual biomass; reducing their concentration in nature. This process becomes interesting because from it propionic acid is considered natural. Several models have already been developed to describe the dynamics of components such as: Microorganism (biomass), nutrients (substrate), metabolites (product). However, a challenge is how to define the model that best represents the kinetic term, and therefore, there are several models for this modeling. This article's novelty is the application of the Bayesian technique (Computational Bayesian Approximation) to estimate parameters and simultaneously select the best model. Model validation was carried out considering propionic fermentation regarding experimental data from the literature, which selected the Andrews model as the best to predict the dynamic of biomass, substrate and product by the following parameters estimated = 0.192, ms = 0.005, mp = 0.017.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1403
  • Volume: 

    1
  • Issue: 

    3
  • Pages: 

    35-47
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    11
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

با گسترش شبکه های کامپیوتری و رشد روزافزون کاربردهای مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیاء (IoT)، شبکه های حسگر بی سیم (WSN)، و شبکه های پویا مانند MANET، مساله بهینه سازی مسیریابی به یکی از چالش های بنیادین در علوم رایانه و مهندسی شبکه تبدیل شده است. الگوریتم های سنتی همچون دایکسترا و بلمن-فورد اگرچه در محیط های پایدار کارایی نسبی دارند، اما به دلیل محدودیت در سازگاری با تغییرات دینامیک و چندهدفه بودن مسائل جدید، پاسخگوی نیازهای محیط های مدرن نیستند. در این راستا، هدف اصلی این مقاله، بررسی جامع نقش و کارایی الگوریتم فاخته (Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm - COA) به عنوان یک الگوریتم فراابتکاری نوین در بهینه سازی مسیریابی شبکه های کامپیوتری است. الگوریتم فاخته با الهام از رفتار تولیدمثل انگلی پرنده فاخته و سازوکار پرش های Lévy، به عنوان رویکردی ساده اما توانمند به ویژه برای حل مسائل غیرخطی، چندهدفه و پویا معرفی شده است. در این مقاله، ضمن تبیین ساختار، مراحل اجرایی و مزایا و معایب الگوریتم فاخته نسبت به روش های دیگر (مانند PSO، GA و ACO)، به مرور مطالعات میدانی و شبیه سازی های انجام شده در حوزه های WSN، MANET، SDN و IoT پرداخته شده است. نتایج پژوهش های گذشته نشان می دهد استفاده از COA سبب کاهش محسوس مصرف انرژی، بهبود نرخ تحویل بسته و افزایش طول عمر شبکه نسبت به الگوریتم های جایگزین شده است. همچنین، کاربردهای عملی COA در محیط های پویا و دارای تغییرات سریع توپولوژی، قابلیت ها و برتری های بیشتری نسبت به رقبای خود آشکار ساخته است. در ادامه، مقاله با تمرکز بر نتایج مقایسه ای میان COA و دیگر الگوریتم های فراابتکاری، نشان می دهد که الگوریتم فاخته به سبب سادگی ساختار، سرعت همگرایی بالا و توان جستجوی جامع تر، برای کاربردهای شبکه ای خصوصاً در سناریوهای داده محور و نوظهور، انتخاب مناسبی است. با این حال، چالش هایی نظیر نیاز به تنظیم بهینه پارامترها، تطبیق محدود با مسائل گسسته و عدم وجود استانداردسازی جامع نیز شناسایی شده است. بر همین اساس، پیشنهادهای پژوهشی آینده، بهره گیری از ترکیب COA با سایر الگوریتم ها، توسعه نسخه های یادگیری محور و به کارگیری آن در محیط های واقعی و بزرگ مقیاس را مورد تاکید قرار می دهد.

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Author(s): 

Azimi Milad | Jahan Morteza

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2024
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    25
  • Pages: 

    65-81
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    30
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

This study focuses on the investigation of intelligent form-finding and vibration analysis of a triangular polyhedral tensegrity that is enclosed within a sphere and subjected to external loads. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the system are derived using the Lagrangian approach and the finite element method. The proposed form-finding approach, which is based on a basic genetic algorithm, can determine regular or irregular tensegrity shapes without dimensional constraints. Stable tensegrity structures are generated from random configurations and based on defined constraints (nodes located on the sphere, parallelism, and area of upper and lower surfaces), and shape finding is performed using the fitness function of the genetic algorithm and multi-objective optimization goals. The genetic algorithm's efficacy in determining the shape of structures with unpredictable configurations is evaluated in two distinct scenarios: one involving a known connection matrix and the other involving fixed or random member positions (struts and cables). The shapes obtained from the algorithm suggested in this study are validated using the force density approach, and their vibration characteristics are examined. The findings of the comparative study demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology in determining the vibrational behavior of tensegrity structures through the utilization of intelligent shape seeking techniques.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2023
  • Volume: 

    13
  • Issue: 

    52
  • Pages: 

    85-97
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    87
  • Downloads: 

    8
Abstract: 

One of the basic topics in hydrological and river engineering studies is flood routing.Flood flooding is common in multi-tributary rivers and rivers without intermediate basin statistics. Therefore, to achieve the determination of slopes and cross-sections in all sections of the river, the Muskingum hydrological model is a useful method that helps to save information on the depth and flow of the flood at any time by saving time and money. To specify. In this study, the nonlinear parameters of the new Muskingum model are optimized based on the fly algorithm (MA). In this non-linear model of Muskingum, which has eight parameters, the recovery coefficient γ is used, which has more or less values ​​than the number of peaks discharged in the output hydrograph.To evaluate the performance of Muskingum's new nonlinear model with the new MA algorithm, the Wilson and Weisman-Lewis case study has been used by many previous researchers for validation.The results of the MA algorithm for Wilson and Weissman-Lewis rivers show the minimization of the residual squares (SSQ) as the objective function, which is 3.21 for the Wilson River and 68722 for the Weissman River. The results of this study showed that the proposed model has high accuracy in estimating the output discharge values.

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